1.
Answer: The Santhal Hul was mainly caused by the exploitation of the Santhals by the British, zamindars and moneylenders, along with the loss of their land and traditional way of life.
2.
Answer: British rule affected tribal life by restricting their access to forests, taking away their land and livelihood, and bringing moneylenders, traders and landlords who exploited them.
3.
Answer: The British mainly suppressed tribal revolts through military force, arrests and severe punishments. Later, they introduced certain administrative and legal changes to control tribal areas and prevent further rebellions.
4.
Answer: In the 19th century, tribal people mainly depended on forests, land and animals for their livelihood. They practised shifting or settled cultivation, hunting, gathering, herding and other traditional occupations.
5.
Answer: The Munda Rebellion took place in the Chotanagpur region in 1899–1900. Its leader was Birsa Munda.
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