A. Multiple Choice Questions
1.
Answer: a
2.
Answer: d
3.
Answer: d
4.
Answer: c
5.
Answer: d
B. Fill in the Blanks
1.
Answer: written, governed
2.
Answer: India ruined economically, socially
3.
Answer: democracy, right
4.
Answer: Untouchability, female foeticide
5.
Answer: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
6.
Answer: values, principles
7.
Answer: parliamentary
8.
Answer: secular
9.
Answer: Fundamental Duties
10.
Answer: displeasure
C. True or False
1.
Answer: True
2.
Answer: False
3.
Answer: False
4.
Answer: True
5.
Answer: False
D. Match the Following
1.
Answer: b
2.
Answer: c
3.
Answer: e
4.
Answer: a
5.
Answer: d
E. Short Answer Type Questions
1. What do you mean by Sovereignty?
Answer: Sovereignty means that a country has full power to make its own decisions without any outside control. For example, India can make its own laws and choose its leaders because it is a sovereign nation.
2. What do you understand by dissent in a democracy?
Answer: Dissent in a democracy means peacefully expressing disagreement with a law or government decision. For example, people might hold a peaceful march to protest a new rule they think is unfair, showing their opinion while respecting the law.
3. Why is it important to bring in Constitutional Amendments from time to time?
Answer: Constitutional Amendments are important because society changes over time, and new needs arise. For example, adding the Right to Education in 2002 ensured free schooling for children, keeping the Constitution relevant and fair.
4. Why do we need laws in a country?
Answer: Laws are needed to keep a country organized, safe, and fair. They maintain order, protect people’s rights, and remove injustices, like ensuring everyone gets equal treatment regardless of caste or religion.
5. What do you understand by an Amendment?
Answer: An Amendment is a change or addition to the Constitution. It helps update the Constitution to meet new challenges, like adding new rights or removing outdated rules.
F. Long Answer Type Questions
1. What is the purpose of a Constitution in a country?
Answer: The Constitution is like a rulebook for a country. Its purposes are:
- Guides the Government: It explains how the government should work, like making laws in Parliament.
- Protects Rights: It gives citizens rights, such as freedom to speak or study.
- Ensures Fairness: It promotes equality, so no one is treated unfairly due to caste, gender, or religion.
- Prevents Misuse of Power: It sets limits on the government to stop it from becoming too powerful.
For example, India’s Constitution ensures that leaders follow rules and citizens can live with dignity.
2. What was the objective of the Drafting Committee and who was its Chairman?
Answer: The Drafting Committee was formed to write India’s Constitution. Its objectives were:
- To create a fair and clear Constitution for independent India.
- To ensure it included rules for governance, rights, and equality.
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee. He is called the “Father of the Indian Constitution” because he worked hard to make it inclusive and just.
3. List the features of the Indian Constitution. Why did India choose the model of Federalism and Secularism while framing its Constitution?
Answer:
Features of the Indian Constitution:
- Preamble: Introduces the Constitution’s goals, like justice and equality.
- Sovereign: India makes its own decisions without foreign control.
- Democratic: People choose leaders through elections.
- Federal: Power is shared between the central government (Delhi) and states (like Karnataka).
- Secular: All religions are treated equally by the government.
- Fundamental Rights and Duties: Citizens have rights (e.g., freedom) and duties (e.g., respecting the flag).
- Parliamentary System: The government answers to Parliament.
Why Federalism?
India chose federalism to balance unity and diversity. With many states, languages, and cultures, federalism allows states like Tamil Nadu or Punjab to make local decisions while staying united under one nation.
Why Secularism?
India chose secularism to ensure peace among different religions, like Hinduism, Islam, and Christianity. The government stays neutral, so no religion is favored, promoting equality and harmony.
4. Why is dissent important in a democratic country? Give some examples to prove it.
Answer: Dissent is important in a democracy because it allows people to share their opinions and improve laws. It ensures the government listens to citizens and makes fair decisions. Without dissent, unfair laws might stay unchanged.
Examples:
- Protest Against Reservation Policies: People peacefully protested to share their views on job and education quotas, leading to discussions in Parliament.
- Telangana State Formation: When Telangana was proposed as a new state, some groups protested to express concerns, helping shape the final decision.
Dissent, when peaceful, strengthens democracy by encouraging debate and fairness.
5. Discuss in detail the need for laws in a country.
Answer: Laws are essential for a country to function smoothly and fairly. Here’s why we need them:
- Maintain Order: Laws keep society organized, like traffic rules preventing accidents.
- Protect Rights: Laws ensure everyone enjoys rights, such as the right to education or equality.
- Remove Injustice: Laws fight discrimination, like banning untouchability to treat all castes equally.
- Promote Social Justice: Laws help weaker sections, such as laws giving free education to poor children.
- Prevent Exploitation: Laws stop powerful people from harming others, like labor laws protecting workers.
For example, without laws, richer groups might exploit poorer ones, and society would become unequal. Laws based on the Constitution ensure everyone gets justice and opportunities, making the country peaceful and fair.
G. Distinguish Between
1. Federalism and Secularism
Answer:
- Federalism: This is a system where power is divided between the central government and state governments. For example, the central government in Delhi makes laws for the whole country, while states like Kerala make local rules for schools or hospitals.
- Secularism: This means the government treats all religions equally and stays neutral in religious matters. For example, no religion is favored in government schools, ensuring fairness for Hindus, Muslims, and others.
2. Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties
Answer:
- Fundamental Rights: These are basic rights given to all citizens by the Constitution, like the right to equality, freedom to speak, or right to education. For example, you can go to court if someone stops you from studying.
- Fundamental Duties: These are responsibilities citizens must follow, like respecting the national flag, protecting the environment, or promoting harmony. For example, throwing garbage in rivers violates the duty to keep the environment clean.
H. Give Reasons
1. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar urged scheduled castes to join the government as well as the civil services.
Answer: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar urged scheduled castes to join the government and civil services because:
- It would empower them to fight discrimination and gain respect in society.
- Their participation in jobs like IAS or IPS officers would give them a voice in decision-making.
- It would break caste barriers, as they could work alongside others and prove their abilities.
For example, by becoming officers, scheduled castes could help make fair policies for their communities.
2. The people of Nepal do not want to adhere to their previous Constitution.
Answer: The people of Nepal did not want to follow their previous Constitution because:
- It did not support the democratic ideals they fought for, like equality and people’s rule.
- It was outdated and did not reflect Nepal’s new identity as a democratic republic.
For example, after ending the monarchy, Nepalis wanted a Constitution that gave power to citizens, not kings, so they wrote a new one in 2015.
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