Category: Clas-7 Civics Ch. 6 to 8

1. d. 2. d. 3. a. 4. b. 5. c.

1. Tamil Nadu
2. cotton
3. Erode merchant
4. Exporter
5. producer of cotton

1. T 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. F

1. b. 2. c. 3. a. 4. e. 5. d.

1. Swapna took a loan from the local trader because she needed money to buy seeds, fertilisers, and other materials for cotton farming.

2. Women workers in the Impex garment factory do jobs such as stitching, cutting, ironing, and packing garments.

3. The weavers usually work for about 10–12 hours daily to complete their weaving work.

4. Farmers often do not get enough money because they have to repay loans to traders and sell their crops at low prices.

5. Exporters and large traders are the main gainers in the market.

1. Erode’s cloth market in Tamil Nadu is one of the largest cloth markets in the world. Cloth produced by weavers from nearby areas is brought here and sold to traders and exporters who supply it to different parts of India and abroad.

2. Small farmers borrow money from local traders for cultivation. Later, they are forced to sell cotton to the same trader at low prices to repay loans, keeping them dependent on traders.

3. The putting-out system gives work to weavers at home, but it also makes them dependent on merchants who supply raw material and pay low wages. Thus, it is both helpful and disadvantageous.

4. Impex garment factory produces garments mainly for export. It employs many workers, mostly women, who stitch and prepare clothes for international markets.

5. Weavers’ cooperatives supply raw materials, provide fair payment, and help weavers sell products directly, reducing dependence on cloth merchants.

1. Market activities often favour rich and powerful traders because they control prices, resources, and markets, while small producers and workers earn less.

2. The weavers are happy when they get regular work and fair payment through cooperatives or better market opportunities.

1. b. 2. c. 3. d. 4. a. 5. d.

1. buyers, sellers
2. physical, virtual
3. black marketeering, artificial
4. consumers, wholesalers
5. employed

1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. F

1. d. 2. a. 3. c. 4. e. 5. b

1. A weekly market is called so because it is held only once in a week on a fixed day where different sellers gather to sell goods.

2. Neighbourhood shops are useful because they are located close to homes and provide daily necessities quickly and sometimes on credit.

3. A wholesale market is a market where goods are sold in large quantities to retailers and not directly to consumers.
a. Large shopping complexes
b. Shopkeeper
c. Provide goods to shops on credit
d. Bargaining can be done here
e. Do not sell goods in small quantity

4. Shopping malls and complexes are large buildings having many shops, restaurants, and entertainment facilities under one roof where customers can buy many products in one place.

5. A retailer sells goods directly to customers in small quantities, provides goods as per demand, and sometimes offers credit and home delivery facilities.

1. Itinerant retailers are traders who move from place to place to sell goods. They sell items such as vegetables, fruits, clothes, household goods, and daily-use items. Examples include hawkers, vendors, and peddlers.

2. Shopping malls are becoming popular among young and old people because they provide many facilities such as shopping, food courts, cinemas, and entertainment in one place with comfort and safety.

3. Retailers are of different types such as neighbourhood shops, weekly markets, street vendors, shopping malls, and online retailers who sell goods directly to consumers.

4. Some producers sell products directly to customers, such as farmers selling vegetables or dairy products. They sell their goods in local markets or directly to consumers without middlemen.

5. Different markets around us include weekly markets, neighbourhood shops, shopping malls, wholesale markets, and online markets where goods are sold to consumers.

1. Black marketing is harmful because goods are sold at very high prices, causing difficulty for common people to buy essential items.

2. We do not buy directly from producers because producers usually sell goods in bulk, and retailers make goods available conveniently in small quantities.

1. d. 2. c. 3. c. 4. a. 5. b.

1. print, mass
2. public
3. public
4. radio
5. rightious

1. T 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. F

1. b. 2. e. 3. a. 4. c. 5. d

1. Public opinion refers to the views or opinions shared by a large number of people on public issues or matters of common interest.

2. Examples of print media include newspapers, magazines, journals, books, and pamphlets.

3. During the independence era, newspapers and magazines spread awareness among people about British rule and inspired them to participate in the freedom struggle. They helped in spreading nationalist ideas across the country.

4. Electronic media refers to media that use electronic technology to spread information, such as television, radio, and the internet.

5. Media meets its expenses mainly through advertisements, sponsorships, and subscriptions paid by viewers and readers.

1. Media frames public opinion by presenting news, discussions, and views on important issues. Continuous reporting and debates influence how people think about issues. For example, media coverage on environmental pollution has made people more aware and concerned about protecting the environment.

2. The internet is the fastest mode of media. Through social media, emails, and video calls, people can instantly communicate and share information with others living in different parts of the world.

3. Media should follow ethics such as truthfulness, fairness, responsibility, respect for privacy, and unbiased reporting while presenting news.

4. Media is accountable to society because it informs people and monitors government actions. It should provide correct and unbiased information. Media in India sometimes performs responsibly, but at times it may show biased or sensational news, so improvement is needed.

5. Media plays an important role in democracy by informing citizens, creating awareness, providing a platform for discussion, and helping people express their views on public matters.

1. Independence of media is important so that news and information are reported freely without pressure from the government or powerful groups.

2. It is important to critically evaluate news because sometimes information may be biased or incomplete, so people should verify facts before forming opinions.