Civics Ch-8

1. d. 2. d. 3. a. 4. b. 5. c.

1. Tamil Nadu
2. cotton
3. Erode merchant
4. Exporter
5. producer of cotton

1. T 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. F

1. b. 2. c. 3. a. 4. e. 5. d.

1. Swapna took a loan from the local trader because she needed money to buy seeds, fertilisers, and other materials for cotton farming.

2. Women workers in the Impex garment factory do jobs such as stitching, cutting, ironing, and packing garments.

3. The weavers usually work for about 10–12 hours daily to complete their weaving work.

4. Farmers often do not get enough money because they have to repay loans to traders and sell their crops at low prices.

5. Exporters and large traders are the main gainers in the market.

1. Erode’s cloth market in Tamil Nadu is one of the largest cloth markets in the world. Cloth produced by weavers from nearby areas is brought here and sold to traders and exporters who supply it to different parts of India and abroad.

2. Small farmers borrow money from local traders for cultivation. Later, they are forced to sell cotton to the same trader at low prices to repay loans, keeping them dependent on traders.

3. The putting-out system gives work to weavers at home, but it also makes them dependent on merchants who supply raw material and pay low wages. Thus, it is both helpful and disadvantageous.

4. Impex garment factory produces garments mainly for export. It employs many workers, mostly women, who stitch and prepare clothes for international markets.

5. Weavers’ cooperatives supply raw materials, provide fair payment, and help weavers sell products directly, reducing dependence on cloth merchants.

1. Market activities often favour rich and powerful traders because they control prices, resources, and markets, while small producers and workers earn less.

2. The weavers are happy when they get regular work and fair payment through cooperatives or better market opportunities.